The Army and Population of the Inca Empire By: Jennifer Tucker A-3
Between 1200 and 1500AD. the population of the Inca people lived in the part of South America that extended from Equator to the Pacific Coast of Chile. The beginning of the Incan rule started with the conquest of the Moche culture in Peru. The Incan people were warriors with a strong and very powerful army.
Arising in 1438, the empire had a population of 12,000,000 in 1438. In 1527AD. the population had risen to a mind boggling 20,000,000 inhabitants. This amazing empire's capital of the time was Cuzco. Populating the city was 358,935 people. Two of the biggest cities in the Inca Empire were Macchu Picchu and Tawantinsuyu. In 1993, the populatin of Macchu Picchu was 2,288. The population in 2003 was 5,500. Historians say that the population of Tawantinsuyu was anywhere from as few as 4,000,000 to as many as 37,000,000.
There were nearly 100 ethnic groups in the Incan Empire. Some of these groups had 9,000,000 to 14,000,000 inhabitants. The groups were connected by a 25 kilometer road system. This civilization totally dominated the Andes region from 1438-1533. Equator's population was an estimate of 13,625,000. The total population of Peru itself was 28.7 million. Approximately 30% of the population of Peru lived in the Lima/Callao metropolitan area. Peru's annual population growth rate of 2007 was 1.6%.
The Spanish conquistadors landed in the Inca Empire in 1531AD. Peru's territory was the nucleus of a highly developed Inca civilization. The empire expanded over a vast region from northern Eqautor to central Chile. With Cuzco under their control, the Spaniards began their rule of Inca Empire. By 1542, the Spanish had consolidated their control. gold and silver from the Andes enriched the conquerors, and Peru became the principal source of Spanish wealth and power in South America. Francisco Pizarro founded Lima in 1535. He also made it the capitol of his land.
The viceroyalty that was established at Lima in 1542 had a juristiction over the Spanish colonies in South America. The wars of Independence lasted from 1820 to 1824. The Incas had become one of the most distinguished and aristocratic colonial capitals and was the chief Spanish stronghold in the Americas. By this time, Peru had populated over 23,000,000 people.
The army of the Inca's grew emmensely to an estimated 200,000. Many of the soldiers died of small pox. The Inca's multi-ethnic army was charged with defending the soveriorighty of the Incan people. As this empire grew in population, the army did so as well. The Incan monarch's militaristic nature caused a great emphasis on the army and the position of the common soldier.
Food, clothing, and state aid were given to the soldiers. To be a perminant warrior was not a bad position to be in and they occupied their own space in the politician and social pyramid. The battalions were integrated by a permanent staff, mainly generals and officers, and non-perminant personnel were composed by drafted hatun runas (commen men) who could be serving military mital, comparable to madatory military service. Once each hatun runa had finished his mita, he would go back to his respective oyllu, or community. Each battalion was made up of a single ethnic group. The whole group was directed by their Curaca (warlord). If a Curaca died in battle, a deputy Curaca was appointed. After 6 or 7 years of service, this was considered done for common man. Though, professionals had to stay and were paid by the state. Everything was given to the men by the state. The Inca's armies were disciplined and organized. Silence was kept among the soldiers. The silence was only broken by yelling and singing before attacks.
Between 1200 and 1500AD. the population of the Inca people lived in the part of South America that extended from Equator to the Pacific Coast of Chile. The beginning of the Incan rule started with the conquest of the Moche culture in Peru. The Incan people were warriors with a strong and very powerful army.
Arising in 1438, the empire had a population of 12,000,000 in 1438. In 1527AD. the population had risen to a mind boggling 20,000,000 inhabitants. This amazing empire's capital of the time was Cuzco. Populating the city was 358,935 people. Two of the biggest cities in the Inca Empire were Macchu Picchu and Tawantinsuyu. In 1993, the populatin of Macchu Picchu was 2,288. The population in 2003 was 5,500. Historians say that the population of Tawantinsuyu was anywhere from as few as 4,000,000 to as many as 37,000,000.
There were nearly 100 ethnic groups in the Incan Empire. Some of these groups had 9,000,000 to 14,000,000 inhabitants. The groups were connected by a 25 kilometer road system. This civilization totally dominated the Andes region from 1438-1533. Equator's population was an estimate of 13,625,000. The total population of Peru itself was 28.7 million. Approximately 30% of the population of Peru lived in the Lima/Callao metropolitan area. Peru's annual population growth rate of 2007 was 1.6%.
The Spanish conquistadors landed in the Inca Empire in 1531AD. Peru's territory was the nucleus of a highly developed Inca civilization. The empire expanded over a vast region from northern Eqautor to central Chile. With Cuzco under their control, the Spaniards began their rule of Inca Empire. By 1542, the Spanish had consolidated their control. gold and silver from the Andes enriched the conquerors, and Peru became the principal source of Spanish wealth and power in South America. Francisco Pizarro founded Lima in 1535. He also made it the capitol of his land.
The viceroyalty that was established at Lima in 1542 had a juristiction over the Spanish colonies in South America. The wars of Independence lasted from 1820 to 1824. The Incas had become one of the most distinguished and aristocratic colonial capitals and was the chief Spanish stronghold in the Americas. By this time, Peru had populated over 23,000,000 people.
The army of the Inca's grew emmensely to an estimated 200,000. Many of the soldiers died of small pox. The Inca's multi-ethnic army was charged with defending the soveriorighty of the Incan people. As this empire grew in population, the army did so as well. The Incan monarch's militaristic nature caused a great emphasis on the army and the position of the common soldier.
Food, clothing, and state aid were given to the soldiers. To be a perminant warrior was not a bad position to be in and they occupied their own space in the politician and social pyramid. The battalions were integrated by a permanent staff, mainly generals and officers, and non-perminant personnel were composed by drafted hatun runas (commen men) who could be serving military mital, comparable to madatory military service. Once each hatun runa had finished his mita, he would go back to his respective oyllu, or community. Each battalion was made up of a single ethnic group. The whole group was directed by their Curaca (warlord). If a Curaca died in battle, a deputy Curaca was appointed. After 6 or 7 years of service, this was considered done for common man. Though, professionals had to stay and were paid by the state. Everything was given to the men by the state. The Inca's armies were disciplined and organized. Silence was kept among the soldiers. The silence was only broken by yelling and singing before attacks.
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RESOURCES
1.http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/latinamerica/south/cultures/inca.html
2.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_Empire
3.http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/CIVAMRCA/INCAS.HTM
4.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_civilization
5.http://www.crystalinks.com/preinca.html
6.http://www.crystalinks.com/incan.html
7.http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/map16-in.html
8.http://books.google.com/books?id=yzBAQR4OhcIC&printsec=frontcover&dq=inca+empire&source=bll&ots=uVrQMy6kq-&sig=KxsLQZ1kSJIIzRQN-7UoZvGj-lE&hl=en&ei=-cqGS9SLG8-ztgf-9ISlDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=12&ved=0CC4Q6AEwCw#v=onepage&q=&f=false
9.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_army
10.Prentice Hall World Studies History text book